Why Odisha MP is seeking protection for Gandhamardan Hills, writes to Amit Shah

Bargarh MP Pradeep Purohit underlined the historic and ecological importance of Odisha’s ‘Ayurvedic Paradise’ Gandhamardan Hills and stressed the urgent need for its conservation. Highlighting the significance of the Hills, Purohit has also extended a personal invitation to Home Minister Amit Shah to experience the unique landscape of Gandhamardan.

In a letter to Home Minister (HM) Amit Shah, the lawmaker highlighted the rich biodiversity and the cultural heritage intrinsic to the region and urged him to take immediate steps for the preservation of the Hills. In his written appeal, Purohit expressed concern over potential threats to the integrity of the Hills and emphasised on the urgent need for its protection. He believes that such a visit could provide valuable insights into the necessity of preserving this natural heritage.

“The Gandhamardan Hills are not only a treasure trove of biological diversity but also hold immense cultural importance,” stated Purohit in his correspondence.

Gandhamardan Hills: 

Gandhamardan Hills, spanning both Bargarh and Bolangir districts, hold a revered place in both mythology and biodiversity. Located in the western part of the state, these hills are renowned for their rich biodiversity and cultural heritage.

The hills are not only home to diverse flora and fauna but also feature in ancient Indian texts, making their protection a matter of both environmental and cultural interest. The protection of the Gandhamardan Hills is particularly pressing due to ongoing concerns about environmental degradation and development pressures. Local communities and environmentalists have long advocated for sustainable management practices to safeguard the area for future generations.

Ayurvedic Paradise:

The Gandhamardan Hill is also known as the Ayurvedic Paradise. It is home to 1200 plant species, 500 animal species and several varieties of trees, shrubs, herbs and medicinal plant species. After the Mahendragiri Hills in Gajapati and the Mandasaru Hills in Kandhamal, it is the third hill to be designated a biodiversity heritage site by the Department of Forestry, Environment, and Climate Change.

Medicinal Plant Resources and Conservation:

Gandhamardan Hills are particularly notable for their abundance of medicinal plants, many of which are threatened species. The hill range is considered a treasure trove of herbal medicines, with numerous plant species used in traditional and Ayurvedic treatments. Research has identified at least 20 plant species commonly used by local tribal communities for various medicinal purposes.

Cultural and Historical Significance:

The Gandhamardan Hills hold immense cultural and historical importance. According to Hindu mythology, these hills are believed to be part of the mountain that Lord Hanuman carried, containing life-saving herbs for Lord Lakshmana in the epic Ramayana. This legendary association has made the hills a significant pilgrimage site. The region is home to several ancient temples and archaeological sites, including the famous Nrusinghnath Temple, which attracts numerous devotees and tourists. The hills also play a crucial role in the livelihood and cultural practices of local tribal communities, which have a deep spiritual connection with the forest and its resources.

Environmental Challenges and Conservation Efforts:
Despite its ecological and cultural significance, the Gandhamardan Hills face various environmental challenges. The region has been under threat from potential mining activities, particularly for bauxite extraction. In November 2024, the Odisha state government made a decisive statement declaring the hills off-limits for bauxite mining, addressing concerns raised by environmental activists and local communities.

Research and Sustainable Development:

The Gandhamardan Hills have become a focal point for scientific research, particularly in the fields of botany, ecology, and ethnomedicine. Ongoing studies aim to document the region's biodiversity, understand the traditional knowledge of medicinal plants, and explore sustainable ways of utilizing forest resources. Researchers are also investigating the potential of forest products to improve the economic conditions of local communities while ensuring ecological balance.

Recent Protests:

A political debate has emerged in relation to land purchases by the Adani Group in the foothills of Gandhamardan Hills. As local movements against this acquisition gain momentum, political accusations are intensifying. The Biju Janata Dal (BJD) has demanded clarification from the ruling Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) government.

Protesters have voiced their concerns at a public rally in Harishankar near Gandhamardan foothills, advocating for land protection. Notable participants included former BJD MLA Saroj Meher and Padampur MLA Barsha Singh Bariha.
Senior Congress leader Narsingh Mishra has warned about escalating protests, while Kosal activist Pramod Mishra has called for resistance.

However, the Principal Chief Conservator of Forests (PCCF) has dismissed allegations of the sale of forest land.