TV
Odisha’s latest dolphin census, released by the State Wildlife Headquarters, confirmed that the state is now home to 710 dolphins, marking a critical milestone in marine conservation. Highlighting regional distribution and species diversity, the report comes after the census for this year began in various regions of the state in January this year.
Latest Census Findings
According to the reports, the Rajnagar forest division recorded the highest dolphin population at 505, followed by 174 in Chilika Lake. Moreover, smaller populations were documented in Brahmapur (13), Puri (7), Balasore (7), and Bhadrak (4).
Species-wise, humpback dolphins dominate with 498 individuals, trailed by 188 Irrawaddy, 16 bottlenose, and 8 spinner dolphins.
Census Methodology
The census was built upon systematic efforts by the State Forest and Environment Department, which began annual counts in 2015. This year’s survey, conducted across Bhitarkanika, Gahirmatha, and Chilika Lake, involved 27 teams equipped with GPS devices, binoculars, and hydrophones.
In Chilika Lake, 18 teams used the line transect method where boats moved parallel at slow speeds to record dolphin sightings. Hydrophones aided in tracking echolocation signals, with data cross-verified for accuracy. Similarly, Bhitarkanika’s three-day census deployed nine teams across five forest ranges, operating daily from 6 AM to noon.
Historical Context and Conservation Goals
Last year, Chilika Lake and its adjoining areas reported 743 dolphins, as per Forest Minister Ganesh Ram Khuntia. The lagoon, Asia’s largest saltwater lake, hosts the world’s highest single-population of Irrawaddy dolphins. The 2023 census, there, identified 154 Irrawaddy and 19 bottlenose dolphins.
Notably, Odisha’s annual census aims to monitor population trends, assess threats, and strengthen conservation strategies. Improved weather conditions and advanced methods this year boosted accuracy, with officials optimistic about future counts.
Why It Matters
Dolphins are vital to Odisha’s aquatic ecosystems, maintaining ecological balance and attracting tourism. Protecting them aligns with the broader goals of preserving biodiversity and ensuring sustainable coastal livelihoods.
It is worth noting that the census not only tracks the headcount of the dolphins but also highlights urgent conservation needs amid climate and human-induced challenges.
