Women of Odisha: Tulasi Munda, Shailabala Das among 10 legendary figures who shaped Odia history

Odisha and its rich, glorious history was not shaped in a day. Rather, hundreds of individuals toiled across generations to give us the land that today holds immense significance. On this International Women’s Day, here is a look at Odia women who became torch-bearers of change and shaped this state’s history and outlook forever.

From social reformers and freedom fighters to pioneers in literature, politics, and sports, these women have left an indelible mark on Odia society.

Tulasi Munda: Illuminating Tribal Communities

Born in 1947 in the tribal region of Keonjhar, Tulasi Munda is a beacon of hope and education for Odisha's tribal communities.

Despite lacking formal education herself, she recognized its transformative power and dedicated her life to eradicating illiteracy among tribal children, establishing several schools in mining areas and providing free education to thousands. Moreover, her relentless efforts uplifted countless families, breaking the cycle of poverty and ignorance.

In recognition of her contributions, she was honoured with the Padma Shri in 2001.

Rama Devi: The 'Mother of the Masses'

Rama Devi Choudhury was a prominent freedom fighter and social reformer, affectionately known as the "Mother of the Masses."

Playing a pivotal role in India's independence movement, she led the Quit India Movement in Odisha and endured imprisonment for her activism. Beyond the struggle for freedom, Rama Devi championed women's rights, establishing the Seva Ghara in Cuttack to empower women through education and vocational training.

Sarala Devi: A Multifaceted Freedom Fighter

Sarala Devi was the first Odia woman to join the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1921, breaking societal norms to fight for India's freedom.

However, her contributions extended beyond activism. Not only was she a prolific writer but was also the first woman elected to the Odisha Legislative Assembly in 1936.

Annapurna Maharana: Advocate for Tribal Welfare

Annapurna Maharana was a devoted social activist who worked tirelessly for the upliftment of Odisha's tribal communities. Following in the footsteps of her mother, Rama Devi, she opened a school for tribal children and campaigned for social reforms.

Maharana passed away in 2012 but her efforts in promoting education and healthcare among marginalized communities have been instrumental in fostering social change.

Shailabala Das: Pioneer of Women's Education

Shailabala Das, a pioneering figure in women's education in Odisha, donated her residence to establish the first women's college in the state, now known as Shailabala Women's College in Cuttack.

A beacon of change, her commitment to women's empowerment through education laid the foundation for future generations of educated and independent Odia women.

Pratibha Ray: Literary Luminary

Pratibha Ray, born in 1943, is a renowned Odia writer whose works have crossed regional boundaries. As the first Odia woman to receive the prestigious Jnanpith Award, her novels and short stories explore complex social issues, women's rights, and human relationships. Additionally, her literary contributions have enriched Odia literature and brought it to the national forefront.

Dutee Chand: Sprinting into History

Dutee Chand, born in 1996 in Jajpur, Odisha, is a celebrated sprinter who has brought laurels to the state and the country.

At the 2019 World Universiade in Naples, she became the first Indian woman to win a gold medal in the 100-meter race at a global competition. Chand was also only the fifth Indian to participate in the women's 100 metres at the Olympics when she qualified for the 2016 Rio Olympic Games. 

Parbati Giri: The 'Mother Teresa' of Western Odisha

Parbati Giri, affectionately known as the ‘Mother Teresa of Western Odisha,’ was a dedicated freedom fighter and social worker. Joining the Quit India Movement at the tender age of 16, she was imprisoned for her activism.

Post-independence, she focused on social welfare, establishing orphanages and working tirelessly to improve healthcare and education in rural areas.

Tribhuvana Mahadevi I: The Warrior Queen

Tribhuvana Mahadevi I was a formidable ruler of the Bhauma-Kara dynasty in ancient Odisha during the 9th century. Ascending the throne after her husband's death, she effectively quelled internal rebellions and defended her kingdom against external threats.

Moreover, her reign is noted for administrative efficiency, economic prosperity, and cultural patronage, including the construction of temples that stand as architectural marvels today.

Nandini Satpathy: Trailblazer in Politics

Nandini Satpathy was a formidable presence in Indian politics. Beyond her status as the first woman Chief Minister of Odisha, she was also instrumental in encouraging women's participation in politics and implemented various welfare schemes aimed at improving the socio-economic status of women and children in the state.

These extraordinary women of Odisha, through their courage, intellect, and unwavering dedication, have shaped the state's history and continue to inspire future generations. On this International Women’s Day, these women stand as pillars of hope for the new generation of Odia women change-makers.