Fight for Ukraine’s minerals shows why Odisha lithium deposits matter

At a time when global powers scramble for critical minerals, Ukraine’s vast reserves have become a geopolitical flashpoint. US President Donald Trump reportedly sought access to these minerals, linking them to military aid and economic deals. However, while Ukraine’s mineral race makes global headlines, India has made a significant breakthrough with its lithium discovery in Odisha, a development that could reshape the country’s clean energy ambitions.

Odisha’s Lithium Discovery – A Game Changer for India

Recent exploration by the Geological Survey of India (GSI) has identified significant lithium deposits in Odisha’s Nayagarh district. Lithium, often called ‘white gold,’ is essential for electric vehicle (EV) batteries, energy storage systems, and renewable energy technologies.

With India aiming for 30% EV adoption by 2030, securing domestic lithium sources is vital to reducing reliance on imports from China and Australia.

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Odisha’s Role in India’s Mineral Economy

Beyond lithium, Odisha is India’s mineral powerhouse, contributing nearly 50% of the country’s total mineral output. Some of the key minerals found in the state include:

1. Chromite: Odisha is the largest producer of chromite in India, crucial for stainless steel production.

2. Coal: The state holds vast reserves, supporting India’s thermal power and industrial sectors.

3. Iron Ore: A major producer, Odisha plays a crucial role in India’s steel industry.

4. Bauxite: The state has abundant reserves, key for aluminium production.

5. Gold: Deposits have been found in Deogarh, Keonjhar, and Mayurbhanj districts.

Economic and Strategic Importance

With its rich mineral deposits, Odisha is positioned as a key player in India’s industrial growth and clean energy transition. The discovery of lithium adds a new dimension, potentially turning Odisha into a hub for EV battery manufacturing and energy storage industries.

However, Odisha currently lacks the infrastructure to refine lithium for large-scale commercial use. Additionally, environmental concerns such as deforestation and water pollution could pose challenges to full-scale mining operations.

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In response, the Indian government is also leveraging technology-driven exploration, using AI and drone mapping to identify more mineral-rich zones in Odisha. These advancements could further strengthen the state’s role in India’s resource security.