Understanding HMPV: What you need to know about this respiratory virus

Human Metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a respiratory virus that can cause symptoms of the flu or other respiratory infections. It affects the respiratory tract, which includes the nose, throat, and lungs. 

HMPV is mostly prevalent during the winter months, and it is known to infect people of all ages, though infants, young children, the elderly, and those with weakened immune systems are more susceptible.

How Deadly Is HMPV?

HMPV may cause mild to severe respiratory diseases, especially among children under the age of six years, older people, and the ones suffering from conditions like asthma, COPD, or an impaired immune system. Although the vast majority of infections are mild and self-limiting, the serious infections lead to pneumonia, bronchitis, or other LRTIs. Severe complications and hospitalization might rarely be reported among these susceptible individuals.

Also Read: HMPV not deadly, no evidence of mortality or severe spread: Dr Raman Gangakhedkar

Signs of HMPV

The symptoms for HMPV are very mild and similar to the common cold or flu, which appear 3 to 6 days after a person is exposed. Common signs and symptoms of HMPV include:

• Fever

• Cough

• Runny nose

• Sore throat

• Shortness of breath

• Wheezing

• Fatigue

• Chest discomfort

Sometimes, the symptom worsens significantly and includes acute shortness of breath, excessive coughing, or other signs of respiratory illness. Diagnosis, especially in persons belonging to risky groups, generally occurs through finding the virus on lab tests.

Though HMPV is worrisome for high-risk patients, it is a self-limiting disease in most patients. Preventive measures such as hand hygiene, avoiding close contact with infected persons, and being vaccinated can minimize the risk of infection.

Also Read: HMPV not new virus, majority Indian population immune to it: Experts