Odisha govt’s tribal land purchase proposal sparks political uproar

More than a year after the BJP formed the government in Odisha, the contentious issue of tribal land ownership has re-emerged, triggering political and civil society backlash.

A recent statement by Revenue Minister Suresh Pujari has reignited the debate: tribal families may soon be allowed to sell their land to the government under “exceptional circumstances” such as marriage, education, or medical emergencies. While no formal policy or legislative proposal has yet been tabled, the remarks have drawn swift reactions.

Pujari claimed that the state would purchase such land and keep it safeguarded for 2–3 years. If the original owners wish, they may repurchase it within this period. Otherwise, the land would be resold only to members of the Scheduled Tribes, maintaining demographic sanctity.

Historical Context and Previous Protests

The matter has a long history. In 2023, the previous BJD government faced intense protests after approving a controversial cabinet proposal allowing tribal lands to be sold to non-tribals in exceptional cases. Facing criticism from across the aisle and civil society, the BJD withdrew the proposal within 48 hours.

However, opposition parties, especially the BJP and Congress, had demanded a complete withdrawal and accused the BJD of trying to facilitate corporate land acquisition through the backdoor.

Ironically, now in power, BJP finds itself defending a similar policy. Critics argue that this is yet another attempt to pave the way for mining and industrial companies to access tribal land under the guise of welfare.

The Congress has also reiterated its long-standing demand to implement the PESA Act in the state, which gives Gram Sabhas a decisive role in land decisions in scheduled areas.

Opposition Accuses Government of Abandoning Its Duty?

Opposition parties argue that the state’s first responsibility should be ensuring basic services like education, healthcare, and housing for tribal populations—without forcing them to sell their only asset: land. "Is the government admitting its failure to provide welfare without asking tribals to give up their land?" a senior Congress leader asked.

Unanswered Questions and Political Ramifications

Why has the government suddenly begun to express concern about tribal land protection? Is this a genuine welfare measure or a calculated strategy to facilitate land acquisition? With public and political opposition mounting, it remains to be seen whether the BJP government will double down or retreat under pressure.

As Odisha’s political temperature rises over this issue, many are watching closely. Will this be a step toward inclusive governance, or another flashpoint in the long battle over land rights?

By Dilip Sabat