The bullet-riddled body of the animal was recovered from a field in Kaserua village on Sunday night, forest range officer Lal Bahadur Mishra said.
The post-mortem of the black buck is being carried out and an FIR has been lodged against unidentified persons under the Wildlife Conservation Act, he said.
Black buck has been listed under the "near threatened" category of the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), an apex international organisation for conservation of ecology and environment.